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Originally Posted by Sh0velMan
Lean won't cause flame. Rich will. (Within reason, you can be so rich that your EGTs are really low and thus external combustion won't happen) The hot fuel vapors meeting cool oxygen = burny burn.
That said, you usually see it in turbo applications where there's a spike in exhaust fuel content on up-shift due to boost fall off and the exhaust is really hot due to being turbo (naturally higher EGT, turbine heating exhaust gasses a little immediately off boost).
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Well, after some research the anwser is both lean or rich will cause the backfire which leads to shotting flames out of the exhaust...
Quote:
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Backfiring in internal combustion engines occur outside of the combustion chamber, and are typically the result of an improper air to fuel ratio. An overly lean air-fuel mixture (i.e. an overabundance of air) can lead to a failure to ignite in the combustion chamber, also called a "misfire". The unburnt fuel then enters the exhaust system, where hot components can cause the fuel to ignite unpredictably. Alternatively, rich air-fuel mixtures (i.e. an overabundance of fuel) can result in incomplete combustion, again causing unburnt fuel to enter the exhaust system.
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Back-fire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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