You can use a GoPro and mount it in a discreet location so it's aimed at your windshield. Then set it to a 60 second time lapse and hopefully you'll be able to catch the culprit. I've played with this feature and it isn't battery consuming. So you should be able to get a day's worth of surveillance.
Another option: You should check out eBay; do a search on "dash cam" and you'll get a bunch of hits. You're probably looking for a camera that will activate when there's a disturbance.
Although I don't have your problem OP, I've entertained the idea of using a dash cam in my car just for accident defense purposes. Good luck!
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